Lab+2+Rocks

A. Igneous rocks cool from magma and take the form of either Granite or Basalt.  Talc- A silicate that does not react to electricity and is therefore used in countertops and light switches to prevent electric shock. Source URL: [|http://www.statesymbolsusa.org/Vermont/mneral_talc.ht]m, []

B.Sedimentary rocks are deposits of eroded rocks. Three kinds of sedimentary rocks are limestone, shale, and sandstone. Limestone is formed from shells, shale is from clay, and sandstone is from sand. Calcite- What eventually turns into limestone. According to one website, the egyptian sphyxnx is made of limestone. Limestone forms when shelled sea animals die and their shells pile up on the ocean floor. Source: [], []

C.Metamorphic rocks are formed via the melting of igneous or sedimentary rocks. Examples of metamorphic rocks are marble, slate, and quartz. Quartz- Very common element at the earth's crust. Quartz is used in watches, soaps, glass, and paint. Source:[], []

1. The basic idea behind separation is that sand drops to the bottom fast. Silt takes a little longer (30 min) to drop to the bottom. Clay takes 24 hours or more to come out of solution. Put three 50 ml tubes in a rack or cup. Put 15 ml of soil into the first tube to the 15 ml line. **Tap** the soil down to make sure it has no air pockets.  2. Use a pipette and add 1 ml of a little soapy water to the soil sample (it is a dispersent) and fill the tube to the 45 ml line with tap water. Cap and gently shake for 2 minutes making sure that the soil sample is well mixed in. REMOVE ORGANIC MATERIAL FROM THE TOP, be sure to dump into TRASH, not in the SINK. Then **add** water to fill to the 45 ml line if there is less than 45 ml.1. The basic idea behind separation is that sand drops to the bottom fast. Silt takes a little longer (30 min) to drop to the bottom. Clay takes 24 hours or more to come out of solution. Put three 50 ml tubes in a rack or cup. Put 15 ml of soil into the first tube to the 15 ml line. **Tap** the soil down to make sure it has no air pockets.  ﻿ 3. Let the tube sit for **30 seconds**, open the cap and carefully pour the solution into the second tube. Be sure not to dump the solid contents intothe second tube. Let this sit for **30 minutes**. 

a. read how much and is left in the tube b. read how much liquid was poured over and subtract from 45 ml <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;">4. Pour the solution off into the third tube and let this sit overnight. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;">5. Calculate how much of sand, silt and clay there is one of these two ways

a 15ml-7.5-5.0=2.5
 * Soil || Sand || Silt || Clay ||
 * 15 || 7.5 || 5.0 || 2.5 ||

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">In your wikibook explain the difference between casts and molds <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; line-height: normal;">Casts take on the external form of the object encased in the rock, whereas molds are concave stone impressions of the object encased in the stone. []

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">Find a great picture of amber with "stuff" inside. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">Source: <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;"> Write the answers to these questions What is amber? What kinds of fossils are typically preserved in amber? Amber is fossilized tree sap that is thousands of years old. Bugs and small creatures can become trapped in amber.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">How are amber fossils different than those in limestone? <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">Limestone fossils do not preserve the actual tissue and DNA of the animal is fossilizes, it only can fossilize the skeletal structure. Amber fossils contain the DNA material and the creature or plant's DNA.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;"> How old can these fossils be? <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">Fossils can be up to as old as 3.5 billion years old. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">Source: []

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">Does amber contain DNA? Explain. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">Amber does contain DNA, the creature becomes stuck inside the tree sap, and all of its tissue is perfectly preserved including its DNA.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">What is the difference between real and fake amber? [|A] [| B] <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">Real amber is hundreds of years old from a tree, and fake amber is made with copal.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">Write a brief summary of the tests for real vs fake amber. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">Real amber should float in salty water versus fake amber would most likely sink. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"> Also, real amber should smell like sap when pierced with the tip of a hot needle. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica;"> <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">Scenario: you are at one of Milwaukee's numerous festivals or at the state fair and you come upon a booth offering amber jewelry. Which 2 tests could you use to detect faux amber? <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica; font-size: medium; line-height: normal;">Rub the amber against my clothes to see if smells sappy, and I could also try scratching it with my finger nail to see if it flakes. If it flakes then it is fake.